English language teaching- 2 assignment

 

• Name  : chudasama payal 

• Batch:  2019-20

• Roll no: 18

• Submitted by: smt.Gardi Department of English MKBU 

• Paper name : English language teaching-2

• Topic : Different  between  assessment and evaluation 

• Paper:   16

• Sem : 4

• Course: M.A. English  

☆Introduction: 

According to the American Heritage Dictionary, assessment means appraisal. Then, according to the same dictionary, evaluation is estimation or determining the value of something. ... That fact is that assessment in education is done in order to improve the process.The term ‘evaluation’ is derived from the word ‘value’ which refers to ‘usefulness of something’. Therefore, evaluation is an examination of something to measure its utility.

Simply put, evaluation is a systematic and objective process of measuring or observing someone or something, with an aim of drawing conclusions, using criteria, usually governed by set standards or by making a comparison. It gauges the performance of a person, completed project, process or product, to determine its worth or significance.

☆ Different between  assessment and evaluation: 

When it comes to education, assessment means the same as the general meaning of the word, but we have to remember another fact. That fact is that assessment in education is done in order to improve the process. The assessment pays attention to learning, teaching, as well as the outcomes.

When it comes to the timing of an evaluation, it is rather a final process that is determined to understand the quality of the process. The quality of the process is mostly determined by grades. That is such an evaluation can come as a paper that is given grades. This type of paper will test the knowledge of each student. So, here with the grades, the officials come to try to measure the quality of the programme.

Assessment and Evaluation are two different concepts with a number of differences between them starting from the objectives and focus. Before we go into details about these differences that set assessment and evaluation apart, let us first pay attention to the two words themselves. According to the American Heritage Dictionary, assessment means appraisal. Then, according to the same dictionary, evaluation is estimation or determining the value of something. So, these processes are used in the field of education very often to test the quality of teaching and learning processes. That is done to let the educational institutes find out what more can be done to improve the education offered by those educational institutes.

☆What is Assessment?

Assessment of a process means we are understanding the state or the condition of that process through objective measurements and observations. When it comes to education, assessment means the same as the general meaning of the word, but we have to remember another fact. That fact is that assessment in education is done in order to improve the process. The assessment pays attention to learning, teaching, as well as the outcomes.

When it comes to the timing of an assessment, it is an ongoing process that is determined to improve learning. Think about this. An assessment can be a small paper given to the students by their lecturer. The intention of such a paper is to understand how well the students know the components of the subject. This shows how much they have learnt. Also, some lecturers like to give assessment tests at the beginning of the course to find out what the students already know about the subject. This is done so that the lecturer can have a general idea and can arrange the course content to suit the needs of the students.

● What is Evaluation?

Evaluation is determining the value of something. So, more specifically, in the field of education, evaluation means measuring or observing the process to judge it or to determine it for its value by comparing it to others or some kind of a standard. The focus of the evaluation is on grades.

When it comes to the timing of an evaluation, it is rather a final process that is determined to understand the quality of the process. The quality of the process is mostly determined by grades. That is such an evaluation can come as a paper that is given grades. This type of paper will test the knowledge of each student. So, here with the grades, the officials come to try to measure the quality of the programme.

☆What is the difference between Assessment and Evaluation?

• Definition of Assessment and Evaluation:

----- Assessment of a process means we are understanding the state or the condition of a process through objective measurements and observations.

• Evaluation is determining the value of something.

• Timing:

• Assessment is more of an ongoing process. It is formative.

• Evaluation is more of a final process. It is summative.

• Focus of Measurement:

• Assessment is known as process-oriented. That means it focuses on improving the process.

• Evaluation is known as product-oriented. That means it focuses on the quality of the process.

• Administrator and Recipient:

• The relationship administrator and recipient share in assessment is reflective. There are internally defined goals.

• The relationship administrator and recipient share in evaluation is prescriptive as there are standards that are externally imposed.

• Findings:

• Findings are diagnostic in assessment as they are for identifying areas that need improvement.

• Findings are judgmental in evaluation as they come to an overall score.

• Modifiability of Criteria:

• Criteria are flexible in assessment as they can be changed.

• Criteria are fixed in evaluation to punish the failures and reward the success.

• Standards of Measurements:

• These standards of measurements in the assessment are set to reach ideal outcomes.

• These standards of measurements in the evaluation are set to separate better and worse.

• Relationship between the students:

• In the assessment, the students are trying to learn from each other.

• In the evaluation, the students are trying to defeat one another.

• Outcome:

• Assessment shows you what needs improving.

• Evaluation shows you what has already been achieved.

Assessment is the process of objectively understanding the state or condition of a thing, by observation and measurement. Assessment of teaching means taking a measure of its effectiveness. “Formative” assessment is measurement for the purpose of improving it. “Summative” assessment is what we normally call “evaluation.”

Evaluation is the process of observing and measuring a thing for the purpose of judging it and of determining its “value,” either by comparison to similar things, or to a standard. Evaluation of teaching means passing judgment on it as part of an administrative process.

The process of collecting, reviewing and using data, for the purpose of improvement in the current performance, is called assessment. A process of passing judgment, on the basis of defined criteria and evidence is called evaluation.

Assessment is diagnostic in nature as it tends to identify areas of improvement. On the other hand, evaluation is judgemental, because it aims at providing an overall grade.

The assessment provides feedback on performance and ways to enhance performance in future. As against this, evaluation ascertains whether the standards are met or not.

The purpose of assessment is formative, i.e. to increase quality whereas evaluation is all about judging quality, therefore the purpose is summative.

Assessment is concerned with process, while evaluation focuses on product.

In an assessment, the feedback is based on observation and positive & negative points. In contrast to evaluation, in which the feedback relies on the level of quality as per set standard.

In an assessment, the relationship between assessor and assessee is reflective, i.e. the criteria are defined internally. On the contrary, the evaluator and evaluatee share a prescriptive relationship, wherein the standards are imposed externally.

The criteria for assessment are set by both the parties jointly. As opposed to evaluation, wherein the criteria are set by the evaluator.

The measurement standards for assessment are absolute, which seeks to achieve the quintessential outcome. As against this, standards of measurement for evaluation are comparative, that makes a distinction between better and worse.

☆ Conclusion:

So, after reviewing the points above, it would be clear that assessment and evaluation are completely different. While evaluation involves making judgments, assessment is concerned with correcting the deficiencies in one’s performance. Although, they play a crucial role in analysing and refining the performance of a person, product, project or process.Assessment is a process used to improve a performance or outcome. Evaluation is a process used to determine the quality of a performance or outcome and to make decisions based on the quality. Both processes can be formative (undertaken while an educational process is ongoing) or summative (taken at the conclusion of an educational process). Before starting either assessment or evaluation it is essential for instructors to clarify the purpose of the process. It is then critical to communicate this purpose to everyone involved and to establish whether this will be conducted as assessment or evaluation. Finally, one should be cautious whenever an assessor will ultimately be an evaluator or when assessment is initiated without buy-in of the assessee.

☆ Citation:

• Secolsky, Charles, and D. B. Denison. Handbook on Measurement, Assessment, and Evaluation in Higher Education. Routledge, 2017.

  
  

• Angelo, Thomas A., and Patricia K. Cross. Classroom Assessment Techniques: A Handbook for College Teachers. Jossey-Bass Pub, 2005.

• National Research Council, et al. Developing Assessments for the Next Generation Science Standards. National Academies P, 2014.

• MOHAN, RADHA. MEASUREMENT, EVALUATION AND ASSESSMENT IN EDUCATION. PHI Learning Pvt., 2016.