Assignment
Name : chudasama payal
Batch: 2019-20
Roll no: 18
Submitted by: smt.Gardi Department of English MKBU
Paper name : Mass communication and media studies
Topic : Discuss about E-Media
Paper: 15
Sem : 4
Course: M.A. English
Email I'd: chudasmapayal1997@gmail.com
☆ What is Electronic media?
Electronic media is the media that one can share on any electronic device for the audience's viewing, unlike static media (Printing) electronic media is broadcasted to the wider community. Examples of Electronic media are things such as the television, the radio, or the wide internet.
☆ What is the purpose of using Electronic media?
The purpose of using electronic media can be for many reasons, one of the reasons is that you can use it to market yourself and anything else from businesses to products and so on. Electronic media is an efficient way to communicate to one another, either by the use of media devices and networks or social media sources such as Television or the Internet these are a few of the many ways you can use Electronic media to your advantage.
☆ What are the different types of Electronic media?
There is a wide range of Electronic media that broadcast a variety of different things like advertisements and promotions. Different Electronic media types are below:
• Television
• Radio
• Internet
• Shops
Television is one of the most used Electronic media devices because franchises can pay for advertisements to show millions of people, thus bringing in more business for the franchise owner.
The Radio is similar but does not give the audience visuals, just sound. This method of Electronic media can be effective and much more affordable than Television but does not engage the listeners as much as visual ads.
The Internet is one of the most profitable Electronic media devices, with a single click of a button ads will fill the webpage and is definite to catch a few glimpses for fellow web surfers. This not only spreads through Electronic media but can profit the creator of the web page throughout time.
Shops have Electronic media in most places, whether it be on an electric billboard or ATM screen Electronic media is sure to be in almost everywhere you go.
☆ What’s involved with selecting Electronic media?
Well this depends on what type of business you have and whether you wish to use Electronic media or not, most or almost all business use Electronic media in some way to attract new or more customers, just say you choose to advertise using Facebook which is a basic Electronic media module which you can use to your advantage, businesses usually use the “check-in” method where if you check into their store they will give you something in return, either a discount or some points on a membership card, this generates more customer flow to the store and in turn allows more profit to be made.
Electronic media is the basis of e-commerce marketing, firstly you will need a method of approach whether you would like to use online marketplaces or social/mail like places to promote your business, then soon after obtaining online contacts you will be seeing customers showing up to your business or buying from your online market.
☆How does Electronic media impact business performance?
Electronic media is a way for your business to be heard but not only heard, seen too. As your Business becomes its own entity online, you have a brand and your brand has a face, if managed well it is sure to increase revenue. If not then your business may struggle to get back up from the floor with many other competitors.
☆What terms are used for Electronic media?
Broadcasting: To transmit or send information through the use of various Electronic media devices.Media: The wide world of mass communication through Electronic media.
Electronic media exists today in many forms: radio, television, videotape, audiotape, telephone, telegraph, computer file, etc. In our exploration of the technologies that have led us from the spoken word to the word processor (we're almost there), I will discuss the forms of electronic media most relevant to the dissemination of writing. The seminal form of electronic communication was the telegraph, developed by Samuel Morse in 1834. It was so important that most electronic media today can be traced back to the telegraph. Communication by telegram afforded businesses a competitive edge- they could talk to other branches of their company almost instantly. The industrialization of the U.S.A. was dependent upon use of the telegraph.
In attempting to refine telegraph technology, Alexander Graham Bell discovered that he could broadcast his voice across a telegraph wire in 1876. Following Naisbitt's `path of least resistance'... Bell's telegraph research became what we now know as the telephone. This innovation was followed by other advances in electronic communication media: radio was introduced in 1895, television in 1927, early computers in 1942, the photocopy machine in 1946, the transistor in 1947, and ultimately the minicomputer of the 1960's, which exploited a technology called `integrated circuits' to downsize enormous computing machines to fit onto a desktop.
Between 1960 and 1980, computer based information systems evolved into practical resources for everyday use. Computer technology is advancing in every walk of life to the point which ``change is occurring so rapidly that there is no time to react.'' The desire to share information between computers has inspired both local and wide area networks. One such network is the Internet, a network of computer networks which connects the academic community through a common communications protocol. The Internet allows people to share files, text articles, and electronic mail, with two large improvements over print-based communication: 1. Dissemination of information is instantaneous--you can send a letter to seven different people in seven different countries, and the message will reach them (their computer account, at least) within minutes. 2. Paper is not used.
This potential for electronic distribution of text has prompted several writers, such as Lancaster and Naisbitt to propose that we are approaching a paperless society, where it is faster and less expensive to communicate through electronic channels: ``It is becoming cheaper to handle words electronically than to handle them physically, to the point where the physical mode is becoming too expensive for ordinary use.'' It is easy to fit electronic publication into Naisbitt's progression--writing is improved by printing, and now it is both easier and faster to adopt an electronic media for the dissemination of writing. It is now possible for, say, a student to type a paper on a word processor and upload it directly to a computer network, where thousands of people are free to read it as though it were a printed work.
As a new technology, all forms of electronic communication are causing a shift in the interpretation of copyright law on an international level. The idea of an intellectual work and moral rights of an author must now be considered. Government regulation of communication and potential conflicts with the first amendment are another consideration. These problems are not unlike the resistance offered to writing and to printing when they were in their infancy. It will be interesting to see, given today's rapid pace of technological change, how we communicate in the twenty-first century.
All of the major means of communication that have ever been embraced by Society remain with us to this day. Speech has successfully adapted and coexisted with many subsequent communication techniques. Certain printed publications will undoubtedly be replaced by electronic alternatives. This is especially true in fields where the rapid dissemination of information is important, as it is among scholars. When an electronic system is established for the purposes of scholarly communication, it will force publishers of journals and books to adapt their emphasis, but it will not force them out of print.
Before the scientific journal, ``...the only way new scientific ideas could be made public was through specially printed and published books.'' The book was soon replaced by the journal, because it afforded members of the scientific community a faster way to: establish priority claim, participate in critical debate, and gain access to needed information. Swiftness in providing scientists with these three objectives was the primary reason for choosing the journal over the book.
To assure the quality of journal content, a complex system of peer-refereeing evolved. In the model of this system by Ziman, an `invisible college' of referees and editors determine which articles to publish, decline, or return for revision. This system may have been born with the introduction of the printed journal, but my own experience on the Internet convinces me that such peer review is growing into an integral part of the online or electronic journal also.
Specialization or `twigging' among scholarly fields has led to an exponential growth of the number of academic journals published- there are more journals in print today than any one person can ever read. How does the resourceful researcher track down relevant and well written articles? They consult a `Journal of Journals' such as an index to journals, review of journals, or abstracts of journals. Accessibility to scientific journals is declining- due to astronomical increases in price. Some journals are priced beyond the budget of university libraries. There is also a substantial time lag between the submission of articles and their actual publication. It is for these reasons, F.W. Lancaster notes that scholars are turning to faster, informal alternatives to meet their information needs.
I believe that the scientific and academic communities are already accepting the electronic journal as the logical successor to the printed journal. There is some skepticism about it, just as people were once wary of the validity of the written word as compared against their tried and true spoken language. In the context of formal scholarly communication, a ``paperless society'' is indeed on the historical horizon. If the primary criteria for judging effective scholarly communication is swiftness, then an electronic equivalent will soon replace the printed journal. Only when physically necessary will a work be output to paper. The resulting society may not ever become paperless, but will certainly succeed in using less paper.
As a result of electronic media technology, the role played by the book will be re-written for the 21st century. According to Daniel Bell, the book is already obsolete as a means of information storage and retrieval. I think that Business will be the first (and possibly the only) field to completely abandon the ink and paper publication. The speed afforded by electronic media and the power of the computer to manipulate information make it hard for a competitive business not to adopt the latest communication technologies. Aside from the fact that they have been passed by in the race to provide immediate dissemination of information, both the book and the printed journal will continue to enjoy their place in society as sources of learning, pleasure, and as aesthetic, collectible objects. In the practice of electronic publishing, we have not lost the book--we have merely gained an alternative means to distribute intellectual work.
Implementing a computer-based system to facilitate scholarly communication has its own set of concerns and issues. The Internet is an existing attempt at such a system. It offers users the benefits of access, file transfer, and electronic mail(which includes electronic journals) with remote systems around the world. Internet member organizations are still straightening out their kinks, which include hopelessly `local' user interfaces which might instruct a remote user to `press the red button to log-in,' and resolving whether to charge local users directly for access to the network.
In his proposal for an ideal National Research and Education Network, Dr. E. Brownrigg suggests ten principles be adopted for such a scholarly system. These principles provide for protection of each user's first amendment rights, the freedom of all users to publish onto the network, a free market status for the network administration, remote access, privacy from government eavesdropping, and recognition of intellectual property which includes copyright enforcement and royalty distribution. The existing Internet has a long way to go before it achieves these goals.
Perhaps by the end of this academic year, students will be encouraged to submit their research papers and take-home exams electronically. Imagine yourself trying to evaluate this exact same intellectual work as it beams out at you from your computer monitor. It is bound to happen someday.
Electronic communications lets you combine numerous media - text, graphics sound, video, etc. - into a single message. That can result in far more meaningful communications tailored to the nature of your particular audience. In contrast to broadcasting, narrowcasting reflects the ability to develop numerous communications for subsets of your market or constituencies.
Electronic communications is interactive. It engages audiences in active, two-way communications. That requires a new way of thinking about advertising copy and the handling of public relations. The pay-off, however, is a self-selected audience, engaged and actively participating in the communications process.
Many organizations are using electronic communications facilities, such as the World Wide Web, as internal communications tools to enhance team work. Many individuals at different locations can work on the same documents, hold meetings and integrate research findings.
Electronic communications removes the power of communications gatekeepers to both positive and negative effects. Most organizations are used to controlling the messages that go out to its constituents through managers, spokespeople and others. But with the Internet, constituents begin to talk among themselves, requiring new approaches and a new emphasis on listening and reacting, not just talking.
With the Internet you have the ability to transmit and receive large amounts of information quickly to and from individuals and workgroups around the world. This changes the way activists, for example, can galvanize communities, inform legislators and change public opinion. It changes the sources and depth of your constituents' knowledge levels. It also lets those constituents reach you with new kinds of communications they may never have attempted before.
☆ Conclusion:
Two-way communication is nothing new. But electronic communications creates a new form of many-to-many communications that lets geographically distributed groups communicate interactively and simultaneously through text, sound and video. You can hold inexpensive video conferences or press conferences from your desk, or conference with people at several desks located across the world. One of the burgeoning phenomena of the Internet is businesses and organizations sponsoring, supporting and moderating discussion groups about issues, products, strategies - anything of interest to the organization and its constituents. Sponsorships are also solicited for popular resources, such as indexes and other Internet search tools, and these provide a further communications and marketing opportunity.
☆Citation:
Medoff, Norman J., and Barbara Kaye. Electronic Media: Then, Now, and Later. Taylor & Francis, 2013.
Green, Jeremy S. E-media: How to Use Electronic Media for Effective Marketing Communications. 2000.
Pringle, Peter K., and Michael F. Starr. Electronic Media Management. Elsevier, 2006.
O'Hair, H. D. Risk and Health Communication in an Evolving Media Environment. Taylor & Francis, 2018.
E Media Professional. 1997.
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