Friday, 11 October 2019
Thursday, 10 October 2019
Indian writing English literature
Assignment
Paper: 4
Indian writing in English(pre- independence)
Name: payal chudasama
Sem: :1 M.A.(with English)
Batch year : 2019-21
Enrollment no:2069108020200005
Email I’d: cudasmapayal1997@gamil. Com
Submitted to : Dr. Dilip Barad sir smt. S.B. Gardi English Department of Bhavanagar
Topic: Discuss about kanthanthapura novel.
☆ About writer :
Sir k. Rao born in 8 November 1908 and he was died in 8 July 2oo6. He was an Indian writer of English language novels and short stories, whose works are deeply rooted in Metaphysics. “The serpent and the Rope" published in 1960. A semi- autobiographical novel recounting a search for spiritual truth in Europe and India, established him as one of the finest Indian prose stylists and won the sahitya Academy award in1964. For the entire body of his work, Rao was awarded the Neustadt international prize for literature in 1988. His notable works are:
[1] “Kanthanthapura” (1938)
[2] “ The serpent and the Rope" 1960
☆ About novel:
Raja Rao written by “ kanthanthapura.” This his first book and this book is best known novel. “Kanthanthapura” published in 1938. Is the story of a south Indian village named kanthanthapura. The novel is narrated in the form of a sthala piranha by an old woman of this village. In this novel Raja Rao describe the castesist system. Traditional festival celebration in village. The village is believed to be produced by a local deity named kanchamma. Kanchamma is the central character of this novel kanchamma tell the story. So kanchamma is the narrator of this novel. And also widow woman. The novel “kanthanthapura” Raja Rao is a tale of uprising and overcoming oppression in indian society In the town of kanthanthapura, the people are very oppressed and the British invade ,making thing significantly worse.
☆ Introduction of character:
{1} Achakka:
Achakka is the narrator of this novel. Achakka is a woman from the village of kanthanthapura . She reveals little about herself ,but she is an elder and Brahmin who is very familiar with everyone in her village. She sympathizes with the Brahmins who see Moorthy's belief in equality as a form of pollution, but later in the book she helps lead the woman's rebellion against the colonial police forces. Achakka ’s stream of consciousness style of narration.
{2} Moorthy:
Moorthy is the protagonist character of this novel and he was leader of kanthanthapura villagers. Moorthy ‘s character compared with Gandhi. This character is most Important character in this novel.
{3} Rangamma:
Rangamma is a widow in kanthanthapura novel. Who becomes the Gandhian movement’s secondary leader after her close confidant Moorthy. She is symbol if erosion of the caste system.
{4} Ratna:
Ratna is the daughter of kamalamma. She is young girl . Her husband died and soon after she married him at the age of ten. After becomes a widow .
{5} Bhatta:
He was powerful man and he was also businessman. Who is amasses land and power in kanthanthapura.
{6} Patel Range Gowda:
He is kanthanthapura’ village Patel. And he was government representative, village headman and also landholders. In kanthanthapura village “ Nothing can be done without Range Godawa.”
{7} The swami :
The regional religious leader based in the city of Mysore who supports the Brahmin’s campaign against Moorthy’s Gandhian movement.
☆ Theme of this novel :
Raja Rao give the many central ideas of this novel. Let’s see the idea if this novel.
[1] Theme of Rules and regulations :
Rules and regulations is the most important theme of this novel . See the this novel Achakka is the character of this novel. She is widow. She is follow to the rules and regulations. Same situation like Indian woman . You can see the Ramayana epic . Sita always follows to the rule . In India many rules like satipratha , untouchability , caste system, child marriage . I have listen for girl (બાળકીને દૂધ પીતી કરવી.) Woman always struggle in life .
[2]Theme of untouchability:
This theme is the most important theme in this novel. Upper caste is untouched lower caste. This is rule and lower caste always struggle with caste . And also we can see the work is divided in caste . I have comparison with one movie Article 15 is the best example of the this theme.
[3] Theme of Gandhian view : Leadership):
We can see the life of Gandhi. And Raja Rao the represent the novel “kanthanthapura” Moorthy is character of this novel . This character compared with Gandhi . And accept of Gandhian thought. Moorthy is give the best role in this novel so this theme is most important theme
[4] Theme of caste system:
This theme is represent the caste system. Structure of caste in India. This divided in fourth part. And we can see caste marriage is not possible in India because rule is important . Rarely caste marriage is possible. I have mention one book like chatan Bhagwat’s book name" Two state" This book story is love story . And thus book suggest caste marriage.
[5] Theme of Nationalism and colonialism:
Throughout of the novel kanthanthapura we can see the colonialism. Raja Rao represent the this idea. Gandhian nationalist villagers, who have largely ceased worrying about caste nonviolently resist the British colonial government in the name of the Indian nation. Gandhism inspires kanthanthapura’ s residents to fight against the oppression of the British colonial government in the name of India, a mythical nation to come out of a sense if loyalty to a teacher and population that the have never encountered and likely never will. However, the way that Gandhism exerts power over them largely resembles the way colonial government rules from without. For the Indian people, resisting an oppressive and far -reaching colonial. Gandhian political thoughts teaching come in the guise of traditional religious terms and it stirs he village folk. Gandhian secularism and spiritual nationalism in intends to end the rigid social caste based structure and unite all the masses common religion, which should be full of truth and love . The novelist delineates Gandhian impact on Indian villages presenting the kanthanthapura. Though the narration of an old woman, the novelist has portrayed Gandhi as Rama ,Krishna and Shiva whose birth has a divine significance. She narrates .
‘I Brahma you who have sent us the prince ... incarnate on the Earth and free my beloved daughter from her enforced slavery.’ The novel also treats Gandhi as a divine reincarnation of Shiva from shivapurana.
[6] Theme of religious v/s modernism:
This theme is major theme. Now we can see the present situation . What is people follow the religious rule ? In this novel Raja Rao describe the religious factor. We are all know about religious. In village ‘a people believes in religious. For example we can see the religious festival . (Shitala satam, navratri etc.) Means believe on god. The people of kanthanthapura were ignorant, poor and superstitious but they have a strong faith in religion. They have a deep faith in Goodness ‘kanchamma.’ She believed to be in the centre of the village. It is strongly believed that marriage, sickness, death, ploughing harvesting, arrest , release all are watched by Kenchamma.
☆ Symbol of this novel:
<1> kanchamma Hill :
According to village lore, the kanchamma Hill near kanthanthapura is red because the goddess kanchamma fought off an evil demon there , and the blood from the battle soaked the hill. Kenchamma Hill offers kanthanthapura’s residents physical proof of their goddess's providence for them and demonstrates the way
The village’s traditional religious is grounded in the landscape and topography of its surroundings. The hill is an important directional landmark for kanthanthapura ‘s people pass it on their travels as passing the hill demonstrates that one had entered kanchamma Hill plays an important role in the villagers resistance campaign, too. Achakka believes that “no policeman could catch.” Anyone who hides out there , presumably because of kenchamma's protection. So the policeman beat protestors there just before the villagers burn kanthanthapura to the ground. In this play kanchamma hill symbolizes the villagers deep culture and physical sense of connection to the land on which their village rests. And also other symbolize the way in connection can be violently served.
<2> The River Himavathy:
The Himavathy runs through the western Ghats, nourishing its valley and the people of kanthanthapura. At the beginning of this novel Achakka explains that Himavathy .
<3> Achakka is the symbol of rules and regulations:
In India we can see the rules and regulations following to the people. Satipratha is very dangerous rules before time. But now present situation this pratha not following in India. But some rules and regulations following in present time.
☆ Concept of this novel “kanthanthapura”:
In this novel Raja Rao describe the present situation. We can see the caste system, religion, rules and regulations, idea of Gandhi etc. Kanthanthapura is full myth. Basic concept like colonialism, beliefs on God , Raja Rao describe environment of village.
☆ Conclusion:
In short, Raja Rao's novel kanthanthapura is based on Gadhian idea. Raja Rao represents conditions of India. Now present time some changes not come in India. This novel give the many ideas.
☆Reference:
1. Wikipedia
2. Spark note
Paper: 4
Indian writing in English(pre- independence)
Name: payal chudasama
Sem: :1 M.A.(with English)
Batch year : 2019-21
Enrollment no:2069108020200005
Email I’d: cudasmapayal1997@gamil. Com
Submitted to : Dr. Dilip Barad sir smt. S.B. Gardi English Department of Bhavanagar
Topic: Discuss about kanthanthapura novel.
☆ About writer :
Sir k. Rao born in 8 November 1908 and he was died in 8 July 2oo6. He was an Indian writer of English language novels and short stories, whose works are deeply rooted in Metaphysics. “The serpent and the Rope" published in 1960. A semi- autobiographical novel recounting a search for spiritual truth in Europe and India, established him as one of the finest Indian prose stylists and won the sahitya Academy award in1964. For the entire body of his work, Rao was awarded the Neustadt international prize for literature in 1988. His notable works are:
[1] “Kanthanthapura” (1938)
[2] “ The serpent and the Rope" 1960
☆ About novel:
Raja Rao written by “ kanthanthapura.” This his first book and this book is best known novel. “Kanthanthapura” published in 1938. Is the story of a south Indian village named kanthanthapura. The novel is narrated in the form of a sthala piranha by an old woman of this village. In this novel Raja Rao describe the castesist system. Traditional festival celebration in village. The village is believed to be produced by a local deity named kanchamma. Kanchamma is the central character of this novel kanchamma tell the story. So kanchamma is the narrator of this novel. And also widow woman. The novel “kanthanthapura” Raja Rao is a tale of uprising and overcoming oppression in indian society In the town of kanthanthapura, the people are very oppressed and the British invade ,making thing significantly worse.
☆ Introduction of character:
{1} Achakka:
Achakka is the narrator of this novel. Achakka is a woman from the village of kanthanthapura . She reveals little about herself ,but she is an elder and Brahmin who is very familiar with everyone in her village. She sympathizes with the Brahmins who see Moorthy's belief in equality as a form of pollution, but later in the book she helps lead the woman's rebellion against the colonial police forces. Achakka ’s stream of consciousness style of narration.
{2} Moorthy:
Moorthy is the protagonist character of this novel and he was leader of kanthanthapura villagers. Moorthy ‘s character compared with Gandhi. This character is most Important character in this novel.
{3} Rangamma:
Rangamma is a widow in kanthanthapura novel. Who becomes the Gandhian movement’s secondary leader after her close confidant Moorthy. She is symbol if erosion of the caste system.
{4} Ratna:
Ratna is the daughter of kamalamma. She is young girl . Her husband died and soon after she married him at the age of ten. After becomes a widow .
{5} Bhatta:
He was powerful man and he was also businessman. Who is amasses land and power in kanthanthapura.
{6} Patel Range Gowda:
He is kanthanthapura’ village Patel. And he was government representative, village headman and also landholders. In kanthanthapura village “ Nothing can be done without Range Godawa.”
{7} The swami :
The regional religious leader based in the city of Mysore who supports the Brahmin’s campaign against Moorthy’s Gandhian movement.
☆ Theme of this novel :
Raja Rao give the many central ideas of this novel. Let’s see the idea if this novel.
[1] Theme of Rules and regulations :
Rules and regulations is the most important theme of this novel . See the this novel Achakka is the character of this novel. She is widow. She is follow to the rules and regulations. Same situation like Indian woman . You can see the Ramayana epic . Sita always follows to the rule . In India many rules like satipratha , untouchability , caste system, child marriage . I have listen for girl (બાળકીને દૂધ પીતી કરવી.) Woman always struggle in life .
[2]Theme of untouchability:
This theme is the most important theme in this novel. Upper caste is untouched lower caste. This is rule and lower caste always struggle with caste . And also we can see the work is divided in caste . I have comparison with one movie Article 15 is the best example of the this theme.
[3] Theme of Gandhian view : Leadership):
We can see the life of Gandhi. And Raja Rao the represent the novel “kanthanthapura” Moorthy is character of this novel . This character compared with Gandhi . And accept of Gandhian thought. Moorthy is give the best role in this novel so this theme is most important theme
[4] Theme of caste system:
This theme is represent the caste system. Structure of caste in India. This divided in fourth part. And we can see caste marriage is not possible in India because rule is important . Rarely caste marriage is possible. I have mention one book like chatan Bhagwat’s book name" Two state" This book story is love story . And thus book suggest caste marriage.
[5] Theme of Nationalism and colonialism:
Throughout of the novel kanthanthapura we can see the colonialism. Raja Rao represent the this idea. Gandhian nationalist villagers, who have largely ceased worrying about caste nonviolently resist the British colonial government in the name of the Indian nation. Gandhism inspires kanthanthapura’ s residents to fight against the oppression of the British colonial government in the name of India, a mythical nation to come out of a sense if loyalty to a teacher and population that the have never encountered and likely never will. However, the way that Gandhism exerts power over them largely resembles the way colonial government rules from without. For the Indian people, resisting an oppressive and far -reaching colonial. Gandhian political thoughts teaching come in the guise of traditional religious terms and it stirs he village folk. Gandhian secularism and spiritual nationalism in intends to end the rigid social caste based structure and unite all the masses common religion, which should be full of truth and love . The novelist delineates Gandhian impact on Indian villages presenting the kanthanthapura. Though the narration of an old woman, the novelist has portrayed Gandhi as Rama ,Krishna and Shiva whose birth has a divine significance. She narrates .
‘I Brahma you who have sent us the prince ... incarnate on the Earth and free my beloved daughter from her enforced slavery.’ The novel also treats Gandhi as a divine reincarnation of Shiva from shivapurana.
[6] Theme of religious v/s modernism:
This theme is major theme. Now we can see the present situation . What is people follow the religious rule ? In this novel Raja Rao describe the religious factor. We are all know about religious. In village ‘a people believes in religious. For example we can see the religious festival . (Shitala satam, navratri etc.) Means believe on god. The people of kanthanthapura were ignorant, poor and superstitious but they have a strong faith in religion. They have a deep faith in Goodness ‘kanchamma.’ She believed to be in the centre of the village. It is strongly believed that marriage, sickness, death, ploughing harvesting, arrest , release all are watched by Kenchamma.
☆ Symbol of this novel:
<1> kanchamma Hill :
According to village lore, the kanchamma Hill near kanthanthapura is red because the goddess kanchamma fought off an evil demon there , and the blood from the battle soaked the hill. Kenchamma Hill offers kanthanthapura’s residents physical proof of their goddess's providence for them and demonstrates the way
The village’s traditional religious is grounded in the landscape and topography of its surroundings. The hill is an important directional landmark for kanthanthapura ‘s people pass it on their travels as passing the hill demonstrates that one had entered kanchamma Hill plays an important role in the villagers resistance campaign, too. Achakka believes that “no policeman could catch.” Anyone who hides out there , presumably because of kenchamma's protection. So the policeman beat protestors there just before the villagers burn kanthanthapura to the ground. In this play kanchamma hill symbolizes the villagers deep culture and physical sense of connection to the land on which their village rests. And also other symbolize the way in connection can be violently served.
<2> The River Himavathy:
The Himavathy runs through the western Ghats, nourishing its valley and the people of kanthanthapura. At the beginning of this novel Achakka explains that Himavathy .
<3> Achakka is the symbol of rules and regulations:
In India we can see the rules and regulations following to the people. Satipratha is very dangerous rules before time. But now present situation this pratha not following in India. But some rules and regulations following in present time.
☆ Concept of this novel “kanthanthapura”:
In this novel Raja Rao describe the present situation. We can see the caste system, religion, rules and regulations, idea of Gandhi etc. Kanthanthapura is full myth. Basic concept like colonialism, beliefs on God , Raja Rao describe environment of village.
☆ Conclusion:
In short, Raja Rao's novel kanthanthapura is based on Gadhian idea. Raja Rao represents conditions of India. Now present time some changes not come in India. This novel give the many ideas.
☆Reference:
1. Wikipedia
2. Spark note
assignment literary criticism
Assignment
Paper:3
Literary Theory and criticism-western poetics-1
Name: payal chudasama
Sem : 1 M.A. part :1
Batch:2019-21
Email I’d: chadasmapayal1997@gmail. Com
Enrollment no: 2069108020200005
Submitted to: Dr. Dilip Barad sir smt. S.B.Gardi English Department Bhavanagar
Topic: wordsworth's view on poetry
☆ Introduction of William wordsworth:
He was born in 7 April 1770 and he was died in 23 April 1850. William wordsworth was an English romantic poet, who with Samuel Coleridge, helped to launch the romantic age in English literature, and this both poet published “Lyrical Ballads.” This work published in 1798. Wordsworth was Britain’s poet literature from 1847. His famous are:
《1》 “An Evening walk”(1793)
《2》 “ Descriptive sketches” (1793)
《3》“Borders” (1795)
《4》“Lyrical Ballads” (1798)
《5》 “Selected poems" (1959)
☆ William wordsworth’ s definition on poetry:
In preface to the “ Lyrical Ballads” , William wordsworth was given by definition of poetry. “ poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling ; it takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility.” Means when poet wrote the poetry so feeling, emotion etc. Is the most important in the poetry. Sometimes emotions is overflow in the poetry. William wordsworth’s poem is nature poetry. But his poem’s concept is very different, and when poet wrote the poetry so impression is the .most important part in the poetry. The “ spontaneous overflow of the powerful feeling" on one side is emotion is recollected in tranquility on the other side are apparently two contradictory tranquility on the other side are apparently two contradictory statements. “ spontaneous overflow” must be immediate and unrestricted without any interval of time between feeling and its expression. The expression “ recollected in tranquility” would suggest intervention of time between feeling and its expression. “Recollection” means remembering some impression after some lapse of time. Wordsworth himself has tried to reconcile this apparent contradiction in his further elucidation his definition immediate impression has a blending of both important and unimportant impressions. Wordsworth is the nature poet we can see the his poetry like “ Rainbow.” This poem is nature poem. When the poet is the poetic mood sings out rapturous as sorrow spontaneously from the core of his heart. Poetry cannot be composed under duress ,the clear spring of poetry must flow freely and spontaneously. It can not be made to flow through artificial.
☆ Theme of poetry:
《1》 Theme of nature: Nature is the number one inspiration for poets. A breathtaking sunset, or a calm walk along a beach . such beautiful scenes can make a poet of anyone.
Nature is provides the ultimate good influence on the human mind. William wordsworth’ nature poem like: ‘Rainbow’, and Daffodil’ , this tow poem is very beautiful poetry. William wordsworth describes the beauty of nature. The .good relationships with nature. William wordsworth’s poetry subject most of all nature. I have example in Gujarati poem. મનમોજી વરસાદ ! ! ! કૃષ્ણ દવે
આખો અષાઢ સાવ કોરો કાઢે ને પાછો ભાદરવે વરસે ભરપૂર
એવો તો મનમોજી થઈ ગ્યો વરસાદ જુએ નોરતાં ને થાય ગાંડોતૂર
ચણીયા ચોળી ને એમાં ટંકાયા આભલા, ને આભલામાં ટહુકે છે મોર
વાદળી ને વીજળીની તાલી દઈ દઈને એ તો ગરબે ઘૂમે છે ઘનઘોર
એવું રમે કે ગામ ડુબુ ડુબુ થાય અને ઉમટે કાંઈ જોબનના પૂર
એવો તો મનમોજી થઈ ગ્યો વરસાદ જુએ નોરતાં ને થાય ગાંડોતૂર
સુરજ ને ચપટી વગાડીને ઓલવે ને ઓચિંતો આવી અંધારે
ટીપાંની સામે જે છત્રી ધરે ને એને છાંટે ને છાંટે ફટકારે
કોની મજાલ છે કે પલળ્યા વિનાનું કોઈ જઇ શકતું એનાથી દૂર ?
એવો તો મનમોજી થઈ ગ્યો વરસાદ જુએ નોરતાં ને થાય ગાંડોતૂર
વરસી પડવાનું નામ ધારો કે શ્યામ છે તો ભીંજાતું હોય એ જ રાધા
અંદરથી ઊગવું તો એને કહેવાય જેની કોરા રહેવાની છૂટે બાધા
ગોકુળ ને વૃંદાવન આંખ સામે સર્જે ને સંભળાવે વાંસળીના સૂર
એવો તો મનમોજી થઈ ગ્યો વરસાદ જુએ નોરતાં ને થાય ગાંડોતૂર
કૃષ્ણ દવે.
Some cosmic change has got tremendous impact in life. when the nature works according to her whims, we don’t know whether to enjoy the new trend or to criticise it.
KRASHNA DAVE described the different colour of the nature as if the player of navaratri appears in his beautiful costume.
The grace of God is such , no one can be left out to get wet.
The nature of Lord Krishna is to spread his blessings in the form of rain without any partiality and the nature of Radha is to get wet without any doubt. Only a man who is as tender as a dewdrop within can be transformed and certified as a real devotee to receive the showing of the almighty, then and then only you can realised. Another poem like:
વરસાદ વિના અકળાઈ ગયેલું એક ગીત ! ! !
વાદળ થઈ આવ્યા છો તોય તમે કેમ નથી વરસી પડવાનું નામ લેતા ?
આકાશે ખાલી શું રખડ્યા કરો છો ? જેમ ચૂંટણીમાં રખડે છે નેતા !
આખ્યુંમાં આસુંના વાવેતર થઈ ગ્યાં છે તમને જરાય એનો ખ્યાલ છે ?
નહીંતર ચોમાસું આવું મોઘું ના થાય , મને લાગે છે વચ્ચે દલાલ છે !
ઈશ્વર પણ રાષ્ટ્રપતિ જેવા થઈ ગ્યા છે કાન પકડીને કંઈ જ નથી કહેતા .
કાળાડીબાંગ સૂટ પ્હેરી પ્હેરીને જાણે આવ્યા છો સંસદમાં ઊંઘવા !
તરસ્યા ખેતરને જઈ પૂછો જરાક એક છાંટો મળ્યો છે એને સૂંઘવા ?
રીઢા મીનીસ્ટરની જેવા લાગો છો, નથી ઉતરમાં ટીપુંયે દેતા .
– કૃષ્ણ દવે
Krashna Dave has got tremendous creativity and imagination reflect here in this lyrical world where he rightly compares political way of the behaviour of the leaders with the nature when it goes out of natural routine and forgets the reality. He makes it clear the difference between the eternal truth and political truth.
Another his poem. પ્હેલે અક્ષર
પ્હેલે અક્ષર ઝાકળ ઘૂંટે બીજે અક્ષર ફુલ,
આ કેવી અદ્ભુત ચાલે છે બાળતરૂની સ્કૂલ.
બાળકની આંખોમાં જોયો ઘૂઘવતો સંવાદ,
ઍક્વેરિયમની માછલીઓને દરિયો આવ્યો યાદ.
એક આગિયો અંધારાને રોજ કરે હેરાન,
અર્ધી રાતે વટથી નીકળે લઈ સૂરજની શાન.
હવાય થંભી, થંભ્યા વાદળ થંભ્યા સહુનાં ચિત્ત,
મેઘલ મંડપ જળના મંચે ડ્રાઉં ડ્રાઉંનું ગીત.
હે વિહંગ શું લખું બીજું જે વૃક્ષપણાને છાજે?
પીંજરને પણ કૂંપળ ફૂટે એવાં ગીતો ગાજે.
કૃષ્ણ દવે (વાંસલડી ડૉટ કૉમ)
The use of personification and simile with perfect rhymes and rhythm are the quality of KRASHNA DAVE you use the words as if a child talks with the fairy.
Wordsworth’S poem “ Daffodil” I have include one stanza like: “I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o'er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host , of golden Daffodil.”
《2》 Theme of Childhood :
In wordsworth’s poetry, childhood is magical, magnificent time of innocence. Children from an intense bond with nature. We can see the his other poem. So part of the world and rather than apart of human , social world. For example :
“She dwelt among the untrodden way"
“ strange fits of passion have I know.” Another example of poetry . This suggests of nature. So I have give example of nature poetry.
My favorite color is navy blue,
the color of a childhood book about stars.
My father read it to me on the couch,
took me outside and showed me
the Big Dipper, and the Little Dipper,
and how to find the North Star.
All of this was right in front of our house.
We looked up into the sky until it looked back.
The book said we spin without realizing it.
It told where we are in the Milky Way
but my father and I don’t know how we got here.
Neither of us mentions it.
We do not know how to do the math
on astronomical odds as big as that.
By Loueva smith.
《3》 Theme of human mind:
Wordsworth praised the power of the human mind. For example “Lines composed a few miles Above TinternAbbey.”
☆Function of poetry:
Wordsworth opinion on poetry ,poetry breath and finger spirit of all knowledge and impassioned expression that is in the countenance of all science means expression is the most important in the poetry. When you are read the poetry and so readers understand your poetry .so poetry is the instrument for the society. Wordsworth’s poetry does not simply delight us, but it also teaches us deep moral lessons and brings home to us deep philosophical truths about life and and religion. In the preface to the Lyrical Ballads, Wordsworth also discusses the function of poetry. The function of great poetry is "to please, to move, and to transport." The three functions of poetry fuse into an aesthetic pleasure with moral elevation. However, the moral elevation far outweighs the aesthetic pleasure. The moral function consists first 'in the refinement of feelings', second, 'in the knowledge of Man, Nature, and Human life', and third, 'in the power that makes life richer and fuller.'
"Truth, Grandeur, Beauty, Love and Hope,
And melancholy Fear subdued by Faith."
The reader of poetry emerges saner and purer than before. The second great function of poetry is to enable us to look 'into the life of things.' While science sharpens our intellect, poetry enriches our moral insight. The moral force of poetry 'is felt in the blood, and felt along the heart'. So Wordsworth says:
"Poetry is the breath and finer spirit of all knowledge; it is the impassioned expression which is in the countenance of all science."
Finally, poetry provides shelter and succor to the afflicted human soul. It is a great force for good and welfare. Wordsworth's own object in writing poetry was 'to console the afflicted; to add sunshine to day light by making the happy happier; to teach the young and the gracious of every age to see, to think, and feel, and therefore to become more actively and securely virtuous.'
Thus Wordsworth concludes that 'every great poet is a teacher; I wish either to be considered as a teacher or as nothing'. In this role poetry makes man "wiser, better and happier".
☆ conclusion:
Thus , William wordsworth’s view on poetry . We can easy understand of the what is the poetry ? Impressions is part for the poet. Wordsworth give the best view on the poetry.
☆ Reference:
◇Wikipedia
◇ spark note
Paper:3
Literary Theory and criticism-western poetics-1
Name: payal chudasama
Sem : 1 M.A. part :1
Batch:2019-21
Email I’d: chadasmapayal1997@gmail. Com
Enrollment no: 2069108020200005
Submitted to: Dr. Dilip Barad sir smt. S.B.Gardi English Department Bhavanagar
Topic: wordsworth's view on poetry
☆ Introduction of William wordsworth:
He was born in 7 April 1770 and he was died in 23 April 1850. William wordsworth was an English romantic poet, who with Samuel Coleridge, helped to launch the romantic age in English literature, and this both poet published “Lyrical Ballads.” This work published in 1798. Wordsworth was Britain’s poet literature from 1847. His famous are:
《1》 “An Evening walk”(1793)
《2》 “ Descriptive sketches” (1793)
《3》“Borders” (1795)
《4》“Lyrical Ballads” (1798)
《5》 “Selected poems" (1959)
☆ William wordsworth’ s definition on poetry:
In preface to the “ Lyrical Ballads” , William wordsworth was given by definition of poetry. “ poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling ; it takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility.” Means when poet wrote the poetry so feeling, emotion etc. Is the most important in the poetry. Sometimes emotions is overflow in the poetry. William wordsworth’s poem is nature poetry. But his poem’s concept is very different, and when poet wrote the poetry so impression is the .most important part in the poetry. The “ spontaneous overflow of the powerful feeling" on one side is emotion is recollected in tranquility on the other side are apparently two contradictory tranquility on the other side are apparently two contradictory statements. “ spontaneous overflow” must be immediate and unrestricted without any interval of time between feeling and its expression. The expression “ recollected in tranquility” would suggest intervention of time between feeling and its expression. “Recollection” means remembering some impression after some lapse of time. Wordsworth himself has tried to reconcile this apparent contradiction in his further elucidation his definition immediate impression has a blending of both important and unimportant impressions. Wordsworth is the nature poet we can see the his poetry like “ Rainbow.” This poem is nature poem. When the poet is the poetic mood sings out rapturous as sorrow spontaneously from the core of his heart. Poetry cannot be composed under duress ,the clear spring of poetry must flow freely and spontaneously. It can not be made to flow through artificial.
☆ Theme of poetry:
《1》 Theme of nature: Nature is the number one inspiration for poets. A breathtaking sunset, or a calm walk along a beach . such beautiful scenes can make a poet of anyone.
Nature is provides the ultimate good influence on the human mind. William wordsworth’ nature poem like: ‘Rainbow’, and Daffodil’ , this tow poem is very beautiful poetry. William wordsworth describes the beauty of nature. The .good relationships with nature. William wordsworth’s poetry subject most of all nature. I have example in Gujarati poem. મનમોજી વરસાદ ! ! ! કૃષ્ણ દવે
આખો અષાઢ સાવ કોરો કાઢે ને પાછો ભાદરવે વરસે ભરપૂર
એવો તો મનમોજી થઈ ગ્યો વરસાદ જુએ નોરતાં ને થાય ગાંડોતૂર
ચણીયા ચોળી ને એમાં ટંકાયા આભલા, ને આભલામાં ટહુકે છે મોર
વાદળી ને વીજળીની તાલી દઈ દઈને એ તો ગરબે ઘૂમે છે ઘનઘોર
એવું રમે કે ગામ ડુબુ ડુબુ થાય અને ઉમટે કાંઈ જોબનના પૂર
એવો તો મનમોજી થઈ ગ્યો વરસાદ જુએ નોરતાં ને થાય ગાંડોતૂર
સુરજ ને ચપટી વગાડીને ઓલવે ને ઓચિંતો આવી અંધારે
ટીપાંની સામે જે છત્રી ધરે ને એને છાંટે ને છાંટે ફટકારે
કોની મજાલ છે કે પલળ્યા વિનાનું કોઈ જઇ શકતું એનાથી દૂર ?
એવો તો મનમોજી થઈ ગ્યો વરસાદ જુએ નોરતાં ને થાય ગાંડોતૂર
વરસી પડવાનું નામ ધારો કે શ્યામ છે તો ભીંજાતું હોય એ જ રાધા
અંદરથી ઊગવું તો એને કહેવાય જેની કોરા રહેવાની છૂટે બાધા
ગોકુળ ને વૃંદાવન આંખ સામે સર્જે ને સંભળાવે વાંસળીના સૂર
એવો તો મનમોજી થઈ ગ્યો વરસાદ જુએ નોરતાં ને થાય ગાંડોતૂર
કૃષ્ણ દવે.
Some cosmic change has got tremendous impact in life. when the nature works according to her whims, we don’t know whether to enjoy the new trend or to criticise it.
KRASHNA DAVE described the different colour of the nature as if the player of navaratri appears in his beautiful costume.
The grace of God is such , no one can be left out to get wet.
The nature of Lord Krishna is to spread his blessings in the form of rain without any partiality and the nature of Radha is to get wet without any doubt. Only a man who is as tender as a dewdrop within can be transformed and certified as a real devotee to receive the showing of the almighty, then and then only you can realised. Another poem like:
વરસાદ વિના અકળાઈ ગયેલું એક ગીત ! ! !
વાદળ થઈ આવ્યા છો તોય તમે કેમ નથી વરસી પડવાનું નામ લેતા ?
આકાશે ખાલી શું રખડ્યા કરો છો ? જેમ ચૂંટણીમાં રખડે છે નેતા !
આખ્યુંમાં આસુંના વાવેતર થઈ ગ્યાં છે તમને જરાય એનો ખ્યાલ છે ?
નહીંતર ચોમાસું આવું મોઘું ના થાય , મને લાગે છે વચ્ચે દલાલ છે !
ઈશ્વર પણ રાષ્ટ્રપતિ જેવા થઈ ગ્યા છે કાન પકડીને કંઈ જ નથી કહેતા .
કાળાડીબાંગ સૂટ પ્હેરી પ્હેરીને જાણે આવ્યા છો સંસદમાં ઊંઘવા !
તરસ્યા ખેતરને જઈ પૂછો જરાક એક છાંટો મળ્યો છે એને સૂંઘવા ?
રીઢા મીનીસ્ટરની જેવા લાગો છો, નથી ઉતરમાં ટીપુંયે દેતા .
– કૃષ્ણ દવે
Krashna Dave has got tremendous creativity and imagination reflect here in this lyrical world where he rightly compares political way of the behaviour of the leaders with the nature when it goes out of natural routine and forgets the reality. He makes it clear the difference between the eternal truth and political truth.
Another his poem. પ્હેલે અક્ષર
પ્હેલે અક્ષર ઝાકળ ઘૂંટે બીજે અક્ષર ફુલ,
આ કેવી અદ્ભુત ચાલે છે બાળતરૂની સ્કૂલ.
બાળકની આંખોમાં જોયો ઘૂઘવતો સંવાદ,
ઍક્વેરિયમની માછલીઓને દરિયો આવ્યો યાદ.
એક આગિયો અંધારાને રોજ કરે હેરાન,
અર્ધી રાતે વટથી નીકળે લઈ સૂરજની શાન.
હવાય થંભી, થંભ્યા વાદળ થંભ્યા સહુનાં ચિત્ત,
મેઘલ મંડપ જળના મંચે ડ્રાઉં ડ્રાઉંનું ગીત.
હે વિહંગ શું લખું બીજું જે વૃક્ષપણાને છાજે?
પીંજરને પણ કૂંપળ ફૂટે એવાં ગીતો ગાજે.
કૃષ્ણ દવે (વાંસલડી ડૉટ કૉમ)
The use of personification and simile with perfect rhymes and rhythm are the quality of KRASHNA DAVE you use the words as if a child talks with the fairy.
Wordsworth’S poem “ Daffodil” I have include one stanza like: “I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o'er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host , of golden Daffodil.”
《2》 Theme of Childhood :
In wordsworth’s poetry, childhood is magical, magnificent time of innocence. Children from an intense bond with nature. We can see the his other poem. So part of the world and rather than apart of human , social world. For example :
“She dwelt among the untrodden way"
“ strange fits of passion have I know.” Another example of poetry . This suggests of nature. So I have give example of nature poetry.
My favorite color is navy blue,
the color of a childhood book about stars.
My father read it to me on the couch,
took me outside and showed me
the Big Dipper, and the Little Dipper,
and how to find the North Star.
All of this was right in front of our house.
We looked up into the sky until it looked back.
The book said we spin without realizing it.
It told where we are in the Milky Way
but my father and I don’t know how we got here.
Neither of us mentions it.
We do not know how to do the math
on astronomical odds as big as that.
By Loueva smith.
《3》 Theme of human mind:
Wordsworth praised the power of the human mind. For example “Lines composed a few miles Above TinternAbbey.”
☆Function of poetry:
Wordsworth opinion on poetry ,poetry breath and finger spirit of all knowledge and impassioned expression that is in the countenance of all science means expression is the most important in the poetry. When you are read the poetry and so readers understand your poetry .so poetry is the instrument for the society. Wordsworth’s poetry does not simply delight us, but it also teaches us deep moral lessons and brings home to us deep philosophical truths about life and and religion. In the preface to the Lyrical Ballads, Wordsworth also discusses the function of poetry. The function of great poetry is "to please, to move, and to transport." The three functions of poetry fuse into an aesthetic pleasure with moral elevation. However, the moral elevation far outweighs the aesthetic pleasure. The moral function consists first 'in the refinement of feelings', second, 'in the knowledge of Man, Nature, and Human life', and third, 'in the power that makes life richer and fuller.'
"Truth, Grandeur, Beauty, Love and Hope,
And melancholy Fear subdued by Faith."
The reader of poetry emerges saner and purer than before. The second great function of poetry is to enable us to look 'into the life of things.' While science sharpens our intellect, poetry enriches our moral insight. The moral force of poetry 'is felt in the blood, and felt along the heart'. So Wordsworth says:
"Poetry is the breath and finer spirit of all knowledge; it is the impassioned expression which is in the countenance of all science."
Finally, poetry provides shelter and succor to the afflicted human soul. It is a great force for good and welfare. Wordsworth's own object in writing poetry was 'to console the afflicted; to add sunshine to day light by making the happy happier; to teach the young and the gracious of every age to see, to think, and feel, and therefore to become more actively and securely virtuous.'
Thus Wordsworth concludes that 'every great poet is a teacher; I wish either to be considered as a teacher or as nothing'. In this role poetry makes man "wiser, better and happier".
☆ conclusion:
Thus , William wordsworth’s view on poetry . We can easy understand of the what is the poetry ? Impressions is part for the poet. Wordsworth give the best view on the poetry.
☆ Reference:
◇Wikipedia
◇ spark note
Neo -classical literature:paper
Assignment
Paper : 2
Neoclassical literature
Name: payal chudasama
Roll no: 24
Sem: 1 M.A. with English
Batch Year: 2019-21
Email: chudasmapayal1997@gmail. Com
Enrollment no: 2069108420200005
Submitted to:Dr. Dilip Bard sir Amt S.B.Gardi English Department Bhavanagar
Topic: character sketch Gulliver in novel.
☆ Discuss about character of Gulliver.
● Introduction of Gulliver character:
Gulliver is the fictional character. He is protagonist character of the novel,and also he is narrator of “Gulliver’s travels” this novel written by Jonathan swift . This book first published in 1726. Gulliver’s journey begin in 1699 and end in 1716. Gulliver is the undistinguished third of five sons of a man of very modest person He is good person but unimaginative. Gulliver was born in Nottinghamshire, a sedate county without eccentricity.
● Quality of Gulliver in this novel:
Gulliver is honest man. Gulliver is also expected “ gullible.” He believes what he told ?
●Gulliver is good person:
Lemuel Gulliver is central character of “Gulliver’s travel” Lemuel Gulliver is the star of this novel. In fact he is narrator in this novel. Gulliver is the symbol of travel and struggle for travels.
● Gulliver character is symbol adventure:
Throughout of the novel Gulliver is struggle in travel. His four journey is successful journeys. About my opinion on this character compared with some sentence “Nothing is impossible in world" and “ the beginning is the most important in the work”, another sentence like “A journey of thousand mile with single step.”
● Four journeys of Lamuel Gulliver’s life:
(1) First journey of Lamuel Gulliver ‘life:
Gulliver was the third of five sons and went to Emmanuel college in Cambridge. He became an apprentice, to Mr Bates with whom he worked for four years. However, Gulliver loved to travel. His reason for studying medicine was because it would be useful when he undertook long voyages. He married and settled down to family life, occasionally going on long voyages as the ship’s physician one of his voyages was upon the south sea in a ship called the Antelope . A violent storm drove them to the north-west of Van Diemen's Land , dashing the ship against the rocks causing most of his shipments to perish. Gulliver was washed ashore by the stormy waves and fell asleep exhausted. When he work up he found that his arms , legs hair had been tied down. There was a confused noise all round and he found many creatures resembling humans, of about six inches in h5 surrounding him. His loud shout frightened them and he could not understand their language They shot little arrows at him ev5 as he struggled to free himself. He convinced them that he was a peace loving man. When he indicated to them that he was hungry, several ladders were placed at his side and they fed him great quantity of meat ,and barrels of wine, all in miniature sizes. A messenger from the king spoke to Gulliver and said he had to be a prisoner and would be treated well .The carpenters and engineers among them worked tirelessly to produce the greatest carriage possible which could transport Gulliver. Gulliver was taken I the vehicle to a an ancient temple, the largest in the kingdom which could house him. To transport Gulliver in the carriage, it required five hundred engineers, nine hundred workers, fifteen hundred horses and five hundred guards.
The countryside looked like a garden with small fields, flowerbeds and woods ,and the town seemed a painted picture to Gulliver. At the order of the Emperor who taller than his subjects by almost the ‘ breadth of Gulliver’s nail’, enormous qualities of food and drink, by Lilliputians standards, were supplied to Gulliver. The European personally supervised its dispensation. The council of ministers and the European did consider starving or poisoning him but surmised that the huge rotting carcass would have caused a plague . Gulliver had been kind to several things who tormented him and did not give them any punishment except scaring them away. His magnanimity found favour with the king who decided to treat him well. More comforts were ordered for Gulliver, more persons were deputed to look after his needs and he was also taught their language. Gulliver’s pockets were searched and the contents listed. Although the Lilliputians did not know the value or use of these items, they were away to be returned to him at a later date. 3 remained his spectacle and a pocket perspective in pravate pocket. Gulliver’s gentleness and tolerance won the goodwill of the European, court and the army. Even people began to fear him less and were at ease in his company.Gulliver wanted his liberty and tried to win the friendship of the natives as he had learnt their language as well. He was entertained by the Emperor with several of the country shows, the most notable being that of the rope- dancers. Very often the ministers were also expected to undergo a trial of dexterity with sticks held by the Emperor over which they had to jump. They were apparently rewarded with coloured silken threads, each colour denoting a particular status. Gulliver’s petitions of liberty were acceded to by the king's court. He had to fulfil certain conditions prescribed by their laws which he agreed to and his chains were unlocked. Gulliver’s request to see Mildendo, the metropolis, was granted. Gulliver’s help to defend the Europeror and state was sought and he readily agreed even though he did not want to interfere in the internal affairs of the country.
● Second journey of Gulliver’s life:
After two months after his return his country. In the second journey of Gulliver want to Brobdingnag, which is a land of Giant and he is as small as the Lilliputians were to him. So, naturally Gulliver is scared but his keepers are surprisingly gentle. He gets humiliated by the king when he forced to see the difference between how England is and how it ought to be. Gulliver soon understands that he must have been very revolting to the Lilliputians.
● Third journey of Gulliver’s life:
Gulliver was filled with wonder at the Laputians who were rather strange in their shapes, habits and countenances. The floating island of about ten thousand acres depended on a huge loadstone to lift up and bring it down and move from one place to another. Since Gulliver was not well – versed in mathematics or music in which the knowledge of the Laputian was superior , he was held in contempt and Was ignored. Gulliver interacted only with common people such as women, tradesmen, flippers, and court pages. Gulliver was to go to Lagado . Gulliver visited the Academy of projectors where scientists were involved in conducting various experiments which included excrement to sunbeams from cucumbers, reducing human excrement to it’s original food
. Gulliver decided to leave Laputa and set out for Laggnagg . Gulliver sailed to Laggnagg. A dangerous voyage. Gulliver was delighted with this information and thought that if he were to be born a struldbrugg he would be a an oracle and a living treasury of knowledge and wisdom. Gulliver left Lunggnagg with letters from the king to the Emperor of Japan. Gulliver again set sail in the Adventure, this time as a navigator and not as a surgeon. His recruits from Barbados turned out to be rogues who threw him out of the ship. Gulliver learnt from them the word ‘ Yahoo' pronounced like the weighing of a horse and also the word ‘Houyhnhnms.’
● Fourth (last) journey of Gulliver’s life:
Gulliver was eager to the language of the Houyhnhnms. A sorrel nag taught him to speak the language well. This enabled Gulliver to explain to the Houyhnhnms about his land .However, he always remained fully clothed for fear of being mistaken for a Yahoo who resembled humans. Since Yahoos were odious animals, he did not want to be mistaken for them in any case. Gulliver on being questioned revealed everything about life in England. Gulliver related in detail the nature, reasons and the results of war in England. Millions of Yahoos were killed as a result. His perplexity deepened when Gulliver told him how the law could ruin people. Gulliver also revealed that money could perform any feat in Yahoo land and that the lack of it led people to rob, cheat, steal, pimp and whore as the case may be. The master was totally at a loss to understand this phenomenon. In this forth part suggests corruption of human . Gulliver’s master gave him a vivid account of what transpired at the Assembly. The Yahoos were considered the filthy, noisy and deformed animals of nature that had accidentally stumbled into their country. Gulliver had settled down comfortably and happily in the land of the Houyhnhnms. Gulliver was grief- stricken. Gulliver reached New Holland safely as there were no storms or mishaps at sea. Gulliver was unable to tolerate the sight and behaviour of the English Yahoos. He was all admiration for the Houyhnhnms and hoped to instruct his family about their virtues. He felt he could not tolerate humanity’s pride would not allow any person with this absurd vice to come near him.
●conclusion:
In short, Gulliver is significance character. Throughout of the novel Gulliver always become the good person. Finally fourth journeys is successful journeys.And Gulliver character is symbol of travel.
Paper : 2
Neoclassical literature
Name: payal chudasama
Roll no: 24
Sem: 1 M.A. with English
Batch Year: 2019-21
Email: chudasmapayal1997@gmail. Com
Enrollment no: 2069108420200005
Submitted to:Dr. Dilip Bard sir Amt S.B.Gardi English Department Bhavanagar
Topic: character sketch Gulliver in novel.
☆ Discuss about character of Gulliver.
● Introduction of Gulliver character:
Gulliver is the fictional character. He is protagonist character of the novel,and also he is narrator of “Gulliver’s travels” this novel written by Jonathan swift . This book first published in 1726. Gulliver’s journey begin in 1699 and end in 1716. Gulliver is the undistinguished third of five sons of a man of very modest person He is good person but unimaginative. Gulliver was born in Nottinghamshire, a sedate county without eccentricity.
● Quality of Gulliver in this novel:
Gulliver is honest man. Gulliver is also expected “ gullible.” He believes what he told ?
●Gulliver is good person:
Lemuel Gulliver is central character of “Gulliver’s travel” Lemuel Gulliver is the star of this novel. In fact he is narrator in this novel. Gulliver is the symbol of travel and struggle for travels.
● Gulliver character is symbol adventure:
Throughout of the novel Gulliver is struggle in travel. His four journey is successful journeys. About my opinion on this character compared with some sentence “Nothing is impossible in world" and “ the beginning is the most important in the work”, another sentence like “A journey of thousand mile with single step.”
● Four journeys of Lamuel Gulliver’s life:
(1) First journey of Lamuel Gulliver ‘life:
Gulliver was the third of five sons and went to Emmanuel college in Cambridge. He became an apprentice, to Mr Bates with whom he worked for four years. However, Gulliver loved to travel. His reason for studying medicine was because it would be useful when he undertook long voyages. He married and settled down to family life, occasionally going on long voyages as the ship’s physician one of his voyages was upon the south sea in a ship called the Antelope . A violent storm drove them to the north-west of Van Diemen's Land , dashing the ship against the rocks causing most of his shipments to perish. Gulliver was washed ashore by the stormy waves and fell asleep exhausted. When he work up he found that his arms , legs hair had been tied down. There was a confused noise all round and he found many creatures resembling humans, of about six inches in h5 surrounding him. His loud shout frightened them and he could not understand their language They shot little arrows at him ev5 as he struggled to free himself. He convinced them that he was a peace loving man. When he indicated to them that he was hungry, several ladders were placed at his side and they fed him great quantity of meat ,and barrels of wine, all in miniature sizes. A messenger from the king spoke to Gulliver and said he had to be a prisoner and would be treated well .The carpenters and engineers among them worked tirelessly to produce the greatest carriage possible which could transport Gulliver. Gulliver was taken I the vehicle to a an ancient temple, the largest in the kingdom which could house him. To transport Gulliver in the carriage, it required five hundred engineers, nine hundred workers, fifteen hundred horses and five hundred guards.
The countryside looked like a garden with small fields, flowerbeds and woods ,and the town seemed a painted picture to Gulliver. At the order of the Emperor who taller than his subjects by almost the ‘ breadth of Gulliver’s nail’, enormous qualities of food and drink, by Lilliputians standards, were supplied to Gulliver. The European personally supervised its dispensation. The council of ministers and the European did consider starving or poisoning him but surmised that the huge rotting carcass would have caused a plague . Gulliver had been kind to several things who tormented him and did not give them any punishment except scaring them away. His magnanimity found favour with the king who decided to treat him well. More comforts were ordered for Gulliver, more persons were deputed to look after his needs and he was also taught their language. Gulliver’s pockets were searched and the contents listed. Although the Lilliputians did not know the value or use of these items, they were away to be returned to him at a later date. 3 remained his spectacle and a pocket perspective in pravate pocket. Gulliver’s gentleness and tolerance won the goodwill of the European, court and the army. Even people began to fear him less and were at ease in his company.Gulliver wanted his liberty and tried to win the friendship of the natives as he had learnt their language as well. He was entertained by the Emperor with several of the country shows, the most notable being that of the rope- dancers. Very often the ministers were also expected to undergo a trial of dexterity with sticks held by the Emperor over which they had to jump. They were apparently rewarded with coloured silken threads, each colour denoting a particular status. Gulliver’s petitions of liberty were acceded to by the king's court. He had to fulfil certain conditions prescribed by their laws which he agreed to and his chains were unlocked. Gulliver’s request to see Mildendo, the metropolis, was granted. Gulliver’s help to defend the Europeror and state was sought and he readily agreed even though he did not want to interfere in the internal affairs of the country.
● Second journey of Gulliver’s life:
After two months after his return his country. In the second journey of Gulliver want to Brobdingnag, which is a land of Giant and he is as small as the Lilliputians were to him. So, naturally Gulliver is scared but his keepers are surprisingly gentle. He gets humiliated by the king when he forced to see the difference between how England is and how it ought to be. Gulliver soon understands that he must have been very revolting to the Lilliputians.
● Third journey of Gulliver’s life:
Gulliver was filled with wonder at the Laputians who were rather strange in their shapes, habits and countenances. The floating island of about ten thousand acres depended on a huge loadstone to lift up and bring it down and move from one place to another. Since Gulliver was not well – versed in mathematics or music in which the knowledge of the Laputian was superior , he was held in contempt and Was ignored. Gulliver interacted only with common people such as women, tradesmen, flippers, and court pages. Gulliver was to go to Lagado . Gulliver visited the Academy of projectors where scientists were involved in conducting various experiments which included excrement to sunbeams from cucumbers, reducing human excrement to it’s original food
. Gulliver decided to leave Laputa and set out for Laggnagg . Gulliver sailed to Laggnagg. A dangerous voyage. Gulliver was delighted with this information and thought that if he were to be born a struldbrugg he would be a an oracle and a living treasury of knowledge and wisdom. Gulliver left Lunggnagg with letters from the king to the Emperor of Japan. Gulliver again set sail in the Adventure, this time as a navigator and not as a surgeon. His recruits from Barbados turned out to be rogues who threw him out of the ship. Gulliver learnt from them the word ‘ Yahoo' pronounced like the weighing of a horse and also the word ‘Houyhnhnms.’
● Fourth (last) journey of Gulliver’s life:
Gulliver was eager to the language of the Houyhnhnms. A sorrel nag taught him to speak the language well. This enabled Gulliver to explain to the Houyhnhnms about his land .However, he always remained fully clothed for fear of being mistaken for a Yahoo who resembled humans. Since Yahoos were odious animals, he did not want to be mistaken for them in any case. Gulliver on being questioned revealed everything about life in England. Gulliver related in detail the nature, reasons and the results of war in England. Millions of Yahoos were killed as a result. His perplexity deepened when Gulliver told him how the law could ruin people. Gulliver also revealed that money could perform any feat in Yahoo land and that the lack of it led people to rob, cheat, steal, pimp and whore as the case may be. The master was totally at a loss to understand this phenomenon. In this forth part suggests corruption of human . Gulliver’s master gave him a vivid account of what transpired at the Assembly. The Yahoos were considered the filthy, noisy and deformed animals of nature that had accidentally stumbled into their country. Gulliver had settled down comfortably and happily in the land of the Houyhnhnms. Gulliver was grief- stricken. Gulliver reached New Holland safely as there were no storms or mishaps at sea. Gulliver was unable to tolerate the sight and behaviour of the English Yahoos. He was all admiration for the Houyhnhnms and hoped to instruct his family about their virtues. He felt he could not tolerate humanity’s pride would not allow any person with this absurd vice to come near him.
●conclusion:
In short, Gulliver is significance character. Throughout of the novel Gulliver always become the good person. Finally fourth journeys is successful journeys.And Gulliver character is symbol of travel.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)